Various painful conditions that respond to isolated THC could also benefit the same dose of THC from whole cannabis or a THC/CBD product, as the addition of CBD or the other parts of cannabis will be unlikely to counteract those effects if anything CBD appears to be a notable analgesic in its own right. On the other hand, because a large amount of clinical research is in isolated and synthetic THC, this page by itself is insufficient, in a sense. In one sense, this should provide us a better way to understand the expected effects of different products. We have a dedicated CBD page and hope to release a dedicated THC page in the not-too-distant future.
We have decided to transition the Human Effect Matrix of this page to one that exclusively includes studies on combinations of THC and CBD, either in the form of whole cannabis leaf, cannabis oil, or pharmaceutical combinations of THC and CBD. Originally, this page included various studies on isolated THC. Tolerance does not significantly affect the CB2 receptor, so cannabis may be effective for inflammatory disorders over a longer period of time. This may cause cannabis to be less effective for treating epilepsy and schizophrenia, though it also reduces the memory loss associated with cannabis use. The CB1 receptor and the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDA) receptor are linked when it comes to cannabis, so when CB1 signaling is inhibited, NMDA signaling is also hampered. On a molecular level, cannabis tolerance occurs when the CB1 receptor is overstimulated and internalized, meaning absorbed by the cell.
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Cannabis withdrawal is recognized by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Smoking cannabis has also been associated with bronchitis.Ĭannabis usage over a long period of time can cause tolerance and subsequently withdrawal. It may also interact with some pharmaceuticals, which could result in elevated blood pressure and a heart attack. Heart attacks can occur when people with an elevated risk for heart disease push their blood pressure and heart rate to dangerous levels. However, many case studies note cannabis usage 30 – 60 minutes before heart attacks, so it's possible that this acute effect could be dangerous for those at high risk. Inhaling cannabis smoke increases diastolic blood pressure and heart rate, though this change is temporary. In instances of severe pain, the reduction in pain may not be enough to reduce opioid use. There is great interest in using cannabis to reduce opioid use, and while some evidence supports this, more research is needed to determine where it may be most effective. However, more research on those is needed. Pain in multiple sclerosis and neuropathic pain, in general, have the best evidence for benefits, and they also appear to be useful in cancer, fibromyalgia, rheumatoid arthritis, and pain from wounds. THC and CBD appear to be notable analgesics and can reduce pain in a variety of health conditions. CB1 is responsible for most of the psychoactive effects of cannabis, and CB2 is responsible for many of the long-term benefits cannabis may provide for inflammation and related diseases. This system is regulated by two receptors, called cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1) and cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2). Cannabis has also been traditionally used to treat inflammatory disorders and is increasingly being used in modern medicine.Ĭannabis' primary active chemical, Δ 9THC, or delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol, acts on the cannabinergic system in the body, which is actually named cannabis after the plant. It is primarily used for its psychoactive properties around the world. Cannabis is the common name for a few plants in the cannabis genus, including sativa, indica, and ruderalis.